The partners will explore ways to develop next-generation batteries, which will strengthen the load-balancing capabilities of the Southeast region grid.
The technologies will be designed to tackle challenges caused by extreme weather.
MSU research and economic development vice-president David Shaw said: "This new partnership with Argonne National Laboratory will showcase our world-class faculty and research capabilities, as well as provide outstanding opportunities for both undergraduate and graduate students."
Although the current lithium-ion batteries hold over twice the energy compared to previous versions, their storage potential does not meet the requirements, MSU said.
A new MSU-Argonne Institute for Science and Engineering will be established to support the research activities for the project.