Mr Layne’s 37-year tenure at Sanwa Bank and its predecessor, Lloyd’s Bank California, included heading the Commercial Banking Group and serving as chairman of the board of The Eureka Funds, a family of investment funds with total assets of $900 million.

Bill Jones, chairman of Pacific Ethanol, said: On behalf of the board, I am delighted to welcome Mr Layne. His deep experience in commercial banking and finance will prove invaluable as we continue to work to build on Pacific Ethanol’s position as the largest producer and marketer of ethanol in the western United States.